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E. A. WENTWORTHl 8v A. Ll-TRAVER.

' .PLUMB LEVEL No.' 377,658. Patented Peb.' '7, 1883.

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' UNITED lSTATES PATENT OFFICE. I

PLUMB-LEVEL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 377,658, dated February '7, 1888. i.

't Application filed February 23, 1887. Serial No. 228.625. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern.:

Be it known that we, EDWIN A. WENT- WORTH and ADELBERT J. TRAVER, citizens of the United States, residing at Atchison, in the county of Atchison and State of Kansas, have invented a new and useful Rotary Plumb and Level Combined, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention is so constructed that it can be used with equal facility in a common stock (similar to that used with the spiritievel) or on a straight-edge of any desired length, and on either one will indicate with comparative l accuracythe rise or fall of au unlevel surface from one-fourth of an inch (or less) to twelve inches to the foot, or so many feet to the rod. When attached to a straight-edge, it'is especially adapted to the use of masons and carpenters in leveling foundations and plumbing corners for laying foundations where a pitch is required to floors-such as warehouses, verandas, and porches-in setting door and window jaxnbs, and also finding the required fall for drains and ditches. We attain these results by 'means of the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a side elevation of the invention as it is used inthe ordinary levelstock.

Fig. 2 is the 'center circle, indicated as A in Fig. .1, and is graduated ormarked right and left of the plumb-andlevel lines to a distance of forty-live degrees each way, the longer lines on the inner circle indicating one inch and the shorter ones one-half inch rise or fall, as the case may be, to the foot.

Fig. 3 is a side view of the plumb E shown in Fig. l. It is a solid lball-of brass or other heavy metal with a dart attached. The pivot F is rigidly fastened through the base of the dart and on which the ball and dart are exactly balanced.

Fig. 4 is an open sectional drawing of the entire casings from outside to outside of stock with center circle and arms included,and shows the manner in which each part is put together andphow held to place. A is the center' circle shown in Fig. l, also in Fig. 2. B B are thel inside beveled casings usually made of material of the same thickness as .the parts A and u C.' C C are the outside casings shown in Fig.

1, and D D the arms that support the plumb and through which the pivot F runs. The

arms D D project into the wood sufficient to i keep the casing from turning and all are held material used in constructing is brass, except the .pivots F in Fig. 3, and J in Figs. 5 and 6, which are of hardened steel; but we claim the right to use such material for these bear- EDlll/'IN A. WNTWORTH AND ADELBERT J. TRAVER, OF ATGHISON, KANSAS.

ings as we lmaylawfully procure and experience has proven to be the most lasting and least liable to friction.

Fig. 5 ou Sheet 2 is a full-sized elevation combined rotary plumb and level, and is constructed for use on the straightedge. made on a square plate of brass one-eighth of an inch thick, or thereabouts, with a raised circle four inches in diameter, ve-eighths of an inch high, the inside having two members, the lower one being correspondingly marked with Fig. 2. The arm I is joined into the top of outer circle, H, `and fastened by screws, as shown in drawings. Theplumb is held in place by and turns on a pivot of hardened steel, J. The pivot Jalso has'threads cut onlower end, and screws into plate G in such a manner that it can be tightened should it become loose or wear with friction. K K are thumbscrews by which the plate is fastened to the wood,as shown in Fig. 6. The device is easily adjusted or applied to astraight-edge by drawing aline with the square across the center of straight-edge and placing the plumb-lineL correspondingly, or using either side ofthe plate instead.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the device shown in Fig. 5, showing width of plate G, height,

It is' of plumb and dart M, the whole being fastened by thurnb-screw K to a section'lof straightedge N. The bar or bars D form convenient supports for the Outer end or ends of the shaft of the pendulum, and beingV made narrow, as shown, avoid obstructing in any considerable degree the View of the graduations. especially desirable in the construction shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 4, wherein the graduated plate A is an annulus or ring having an -open center, and the pendulum swings in said opening so its registration with the graduations of the plate may be conveniently read fromeither side. In order to secure the graduated plate v Matta.. i 1'. 1

These bars D are IOO notches A in its edges, which interlock with lugs or projections B on the case-sections B, in order to secure the graduated plate, as will be readily understood from Fig.4. Manifestly the reversal of said constructions A B'that is to say, the formation of projections B on the graduated plate and of notches A' in the casesections B-Would involve no departure from the broad principles of our invention.

It will be noticed in Figs. 1 and 4 that the graduated plate is held and clamped centrally between two similar case-sections, B, which in turn are held by suitable fastenings. This is a simple convenient construction and by it the invention may be readily applied to a suitable stock.

Having fully described our invention, what we desire to claim and secure by Letters Patent is 1. The combination of the pendulum, the

- supports therefor, the graduated plate having 2. The combination of the pendulum and supports therefor, the central graduated plate made in the form of an annulus having an open center, and the case-sections abutting the said central graduated plate at their inner ends, whereby said plate is clamped in position, substantially as set forth.

3. The improved levcl,substantially as herein described and shown,consisting of the graduated plate A, having an open center and provided with a notch or notches, A, the casesections B B, having at their inner edges lugs or projections to enter the notches A,the crossbars D, having bearings for the pendulumshaft, the pendulum having its shaftjournaled in said cross-bars, and the casing-rings C C, all substantially as and for thc purposes specitied.

E. A. WENTW'ORTH. A. J. TRAVER.

lVitnesses:

W. B. HOLBERT, S. H. FRAZIER. 

